台灣地區人類多瘤性JC及BK病毒的感染與前列腺癌之相關性

沈正煌*1、周詠欽1、董俊良2、黃舒沛2、陳碧蓮*2

1.嘉義基督教醫院泌尿外科, 2病理科; 3中臺科技大學醫學檢驗生物系

Association of human polyomavirus, JC and BK virus, infection

with prostate cancer in Taiwan

Cheng-Huang Shen*1, Yeong-Chin Jou1, Chum-Liang Tung2, Shu-Pei Huang3, Pei-Lain Chen* 3

1Department of Urology, 2Department of Pathology, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan;

3Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science, Taiwan.

Purpose:

Previous studies have demonstrated that the infection of human polyomavirus might be associated with various human cancers. It is not clear about the association of human polyomavirus infection with prostate cancer in Taiwan. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the JCPyV and BKPyV infection with prostate cancers in Taiwan.

Materials and Methods:

A total 106 paraffin-embedded tissues which included 76 prostate cancer (PC) and 30 benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) were collected from Chia-Yi Christian Hospital during 2016-2020. Nested PCR was used to detect the regulatory region of viral genome of JCPyV and BKPyV in PC and BPH tissues. DNA sequencing was employed to identified the viral genotypes. The viral early (LT) and late protein (VP1) expression were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) method by specific antibody. In addition, immunogold electron microscopic analysis was used to observe viral capsid proteins.

Results:

Human JCPyV and BKPyV DNA were detected in 27 out of 76 PC samples (35.52 %), whereby 24 cases were infected with JCPyV (88.9%) and 3 cases were infected with both of JCPyV and BKPyV(11.1%). Both archetypal and rearranged genotypes of JCPyV and BKPyV were detected in PC tissues. However, only JCPyV but not BKPyV was detected in 2 out of 30 BHP samples (6.7%). There were significant different in PC and BPH tissues (p=0.003). The odd ratio for the risk of JCPyV infected PC was 7.71 times significantly higher than BPH (95% CI: 1.71 - 34.09, p = 0.003).  LT and VP1 proteins were detected in 27 PC tissue samples (35.52 %) and 29 PC samples (38.2%), respectively, but both of them were not detected in any of BPH samples, had a statistical significance. (p<0.001, respectively). In addition, immunogold labeled VP1 capsid proteins were observed by TEM (transmission electron microscope) in all of 4 PC samples with positive expression of VP1 protein and positive JCPyV DNA. That result suggested that JCPyV infected the prostate cancer cells might through lytic infection pathway.

Conclusions:

Our results showed that the different presence of human JCPyV and BKPyV DNA and protein in PC and BPH tissues were first reported in Taiwan, and JCPyV infected the prostate cancer cells might through lytic infection, was different previous studies. Our results might provide evidences a possible association between human JCPyV infection and prostate cancer in Taiwan.