夜尿盛行率及危險因素的研究分析
翁偉哲 曾惠珍*
高雄市立聯合醫院 泌尿科 *高雄醫學大學
Prevalence of and the risk factors for nocturia
Wei-Che Weng *Hui-Chen Tseng
Kaohsiung Municipal United Hospital Department of Urology
*Kaohsiung Medical University
Purpose:
Nocturia is one of the most distressing symptoms in older men with benign prostatic hyperplasia and is the lower urinary tract symptom most strongly associated with poor quality of life ratings. It is associated with increased rates of depression, work absenteeism, lower self-rated physical and mental health, congestive heart failure, and increased all-cause mortality. Nocturia is was noted to have higher rates of accidental falls and fractures in the very old. There are many factors associated with nocturia and and treatment may result in only small improvement. We examined the prevalence of and risk factors for nocturia in North downtown, Kaohsiung City.
Materials and Methods:
We collected data on 1629 individuals with 1142 males and 487 females who living at North downtown, Kaohsiung City. We analyze the relationships between nocturia assessed by a questionare and other variables including age, blood pressure, Cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, COPD, DM, Chronic renal failure, BPH, smoking habit and alcohol intake.
Results:
Overall,493 individuals (30.3%) answered that they arose to urinate at least twice during the night. The rate increased with age from 18.7 % in individuals younger than 50 to 56% in those older than 69. Logistic regression analysis revealed that cohorts of subjects 50-59, 60-69, and 70 years old or over had, reepectively,1.82, 3.43, 5.88times the prevelance of nocturia of the 49 years or younger cohort. Hypertention (OR 2.04), DM (OR 1.87) and heavy smoking habit (OR 1.66) were other independent positive factors for nocturia. In male individuals, BPH was another independent positive risk factor (OR 1.57). Gender was not associated with nocturia.
Conclusion:
Nocturia may be caused by conditions or disorders that result in low bladder volume voids, nocturnal polyuria, or sleep disturbances. Age, benign prostatic hyperplasia, congestive heart failure, renal disease, diabetes mellitus, and Hypertension are some of the conditions associated with nocturia. Because nocturia is associated with a variety of clinical syndromes and disorders, the diagnostic approach is often challenging, and treatment may result in only small improvement.