陰莖血管瘤：罕見病例報告

沈毓明、林介山

彰化基督教醫院泌尿外科

Penile hemangioma: A Rare Case Report

Yu-Ming Shen, Jie-Shan Lin

Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital

Introduction

Penile hemangioma is a rare benign vascular lesion, accounting for only a small proportion of vascular anomalies involving the external genitalia. It is typically classified as a vascular tumor or malformation and may present as capillary, venous, or cavernous subtypes. Most cases are asymptomatic and incidentally detected, though some patients present with pain, bleeding, or cosmetic concerns. Due to its rarity, no standardized treatment guidelines exist.

Case presentation

A 8-year-old boy presented to the outpatient department on January 7, 2026, with urethral erythema, penile pain, and itching over the prepuce. Physical examination revealed a vascular lesion over the prepuce, diagnosed clinically as penile venous and capillary hemangioma (Figure 1). On February 10, 2026, the patient underwent surgical treatment under general anesthesia, including hemangioma excision and circumcision. The foreskin was retracted after dilation, adhesions were released, and a circumferential incision was made. Degloving of the prepuce was performed to the penoscrotal junction. The hemangioma was completely excised, followed by removal of redundant foreskin and meticulous hemostasis. Histopathological examination demonstrated multiple dilated, interconnected vascular channels, confirming the diagnosis of hemangioma. Postoperatively, the patient experienced occasional penile pain without fever or systemic symptoms. Symptoms improved by February 25, 2026, with satisfactory recovery.

Discussion

Penile hemangioma is an uncommon benign vascular anomaly, with lesions involving the genitalia accounting for only approximately 3% of all male hemangiomas. Most patients are asymptomatic, and diagnosis is often made clinically based on characteristic vascular appearance. However, symptomatic cases may present with pain, bleeding, or irritation, as seen in our patient. Histopathological confirmation remains essential, demonstrating dilated vascular channels lined by endothelial cells.

Due to the rarity of this condition, standardized treatment guidelines are lacking, and management strategies are largely individualized. Sclerotherapy has been widely used, particularly for small or superficial lesions, and accounts for the majority of reported treatments. However, it is associated with a relatively high recurrence rate and may require multiple sessions. Laser therapy is another minimally invasive option, offering good cosmetic outcomes but with variable efficacy.

Surgical excision remains an important treatment modality, especially for symptomatic, localized, or larger lesions, as well as when histological confirmation is required. Compared with other treatments, surgery provides definitive removal with low recurrence rates and allows simultaneous procedures such as circumcision. However, it carries risks of bleeding and potential cosmetic impact, particularly in glans lesions.

Conclusion